Impact of Alcohol vs. THC on the Brain

Neither alcohol nor THC are inherently ‘better’ for your brain. Both substances can have adverse effects and cause intoxication, which can lead to charges for drunk driving or other criminal offenses. However, THC and alcohol each have different effects on the brain. The specific effects of THC or alcohol on the brain will vary based on amount, frequency, and individual biology.

While neither substance is genuinely healthy for the brain, THC is generally less harmful in small doses. However, THC can affect developing brains, and heavy use can cause severe cognitive impairment. Alcohol, while legal, is generally more harmful to the brain, especially in higher doses or with chronic use.

Understanding the Effects of Alcohol

In small amounts, alcohol can have a temporary relaxing or euphoric effect. But, in larger amounts, alcohol consumption can slow brain function and impair memory and decision-making.

Long-term, chronic alcohol abuse can lead to brain damage, including loss of brain tissue, memory problems, and other cognitive effects. Chronic alcohol abuse can also increase the risk of mental health disorders and other diseases.

Moderate consumption of alcohol, specifically red wine, has been associated with health benefits such as improved circulation, reduced risk of blood clots, and lower cholesterol.

How Does THC Affect the Brain?

THC, the psychoactive chemical in cannabis, affects memory, attention, and coordination by interacting with the brain’s endocannabinoid system. It can also produce feelings of relaxation, euphoria, or anxiety.

Long-term effects of heavy THC use, especially during adolescence, include changes in brain development, memory impairment, and an increased risk of psychoactive disorders.

THC has shown promise in treating pain, inflammation, and conditions like epilepsy and PTSD. It has had neuroprotective properties in some patients.

Which Substance Is More Habit-Forming?

Alcohol is generally considered more habit-forming than THC. Because of its widespread availability and high potential for physical dependence, alcohol generally poses a greater risk to brain health than THC. Consumption of THC can still lead to depression, but the risk of dependence and adverse brain effects is generally lower than alcohol.

Alcohol

• Alcohol is considered highly addictive. Repeated use can lead to physical and psychological dependence. Withdrawal symptoms may include cravings and tremors.
• Alcohol causes the release of dopamine, which has a strong reinforcement effect on the brain’s reward system and can lead to habitual use.
• Alcohol addiction is common in the United States and affects a significant portion of the population.

THC

• THC is a moderately addictive drug, with an estimated 10% of cannabis users developing addiction. This statistic increases to 17% among people who use cannabis during adolescence.
• Fewer people are addicted to cannabis than alcohol.
• The effect of THC on the brain’s reward system is milder than that of alcohol.
• Withdrawal symptoms are generally mild and may include irritability, sleep disturbance, decreased appetite, and cravings.

Weighing the Effects of Alcohol vs. THC

People considering using alcohol or THC should weigh the benefits and drawbacks of each substance and the possible health risks of each.

Risks of Using Alcohol

Using alcohol can cause:

• Physical health impairment, such as brain damage, liver damage, cancer, cardiovascular issues, and a weakened immune system.
• Mental health damage, including increased risk of depression, anxiety, impaired decision-making, and potential dependence and addiction.
• Accidents such as car crashes, falls, and other injuries.
• Strained relationships.
• Reduced productivity and poor job performance.

Moderate alcohol use is common in many social situations and can help with relaxation and social bonding. Light to moderate consumption of alcohol has been associated with health benefits such as increased cardiovascular health and a reduced risk of coronary artery disease.

Risks of Using THC

Use of THC can result in:

• Cognitive impairment, loss of coordination, and anxiety and paranoia.
• Mental health issues, such as increased risk of anxiety, depression, and psychosis, addiction, and cognitive decline, especially for long-term users.
• Respiratory issues (when marijuana is inhaled) such as lung irritation, chronic bronchitis, and long-term damage from inhaling a carcinogen.

People who wish to use THC may consider alternatives to inhalation, such as vaping, topical application, tinctures, or edibles.

For many users, the risks may outweigh the benefits, especially if THC is consumed frequently or in high doses.

When used under medical supervision, THC may have some benefits, especially for treating certain conditions such as cancer, chronic pain, or multiple sclerosis.

Key Consideration Regarding the Use of Alcohol or THC

Alcohol and THC can both have adverse effects on brain health. In addition, THC remains illegal in Wyoming and at the federal level, while alcohol consumption is legal for people over age 21.

If you are considering using alcohol or THC, educate yourself and become aware of the potential adverse effects of each drug.

How Just Criminal Law Can Help

If you are experiencing legal issues related to alcohol or drug use, Just Criminal Law can help. Contact our office today to schedule your personalized case review and strategy session.

DISCLAIMER: The information contained in this article is offered for educational purposes only. This information is not offered as legal advice. A person accused of a crime should always consult with an attorney before making decisions that have legal consequences.